DEFINITION OF MICROPLASTICS

Microplastics are tiny particles of plastic, ranging in size from 1 μm to 5 mm.
They cannot dissolve in water. They are indigestible

There are two main types of microplastics:

1. Primary microplastics: Primary microplastics are particles manufactured in industries as raw materials intentionally added to other products or released directly into the environment.

Common sources:  Primary microplastics originates from paints, microbeads in cosmetics (these are banned in Europe), and Industrial processes like plastic pellet production and fishing net manufacturing. Fibers from synthetic clothes also contribute to primary microplastic pollution.
 

1. Secondary microplastics:  Secondary microplastics originate from the degradation and fragentation of plastic litter in the environment[1]. This breakdown occurs due to factors like sunlight (Ultra Violet radiation known as UV),  ocean waves abrasion (mechanical transformation) and  degradation by microorganisms (biological degradation)

Common sources: Plastic bags, bottles, food containers, paints, adhesives, coatings, and electronics.


[1] Julienne F, Delorme N, Lagarde F. From macroplastics to microplastics: Role of water in the fragmentation of polyethylene. Chemosphere. 2019;236:124409. DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2019.124409